第七部分 翻译

第一章 英译汉

1.Like many complex phenomena, teaching and learning look different depending on who you are, where you are standing, and where you are looking. Like children coming to a 200, people are naturally drawn to what they can see, not necessarily to what there is to see. In the case of education, because teaching has usually been studied by people who are not teachers, or who are not involved in the act of teaching, it has been described in terms that gloss over its messiness and complexity. Not only is the classroom a relatively stable physical environment, it also provides a fairly constant social context. Behind the same old desks sit the same old students, in front of the familiar blackboard stands the familiar teacher.

2.It is generally agreed that people read to understand the meaning of the text. However, there are three different models proposed about how readers actually arrive at the meaning. Here is the “Bottom-up” model which proposes that readers build up the meaning of the text letter by letter, word by word and sentence by sentence. Until one level of processing has finished the next can’t begin. They build up the meaning of the parts of the text and in this way can eventually arrive at the meaning of whole.

3.Tea drinking in China is a ritual and a demonstration of the refined taste. While drinking tea, people also take delight in the essence of tea itself. Chatting over a pot of tea is a very popular way of pastime among Chinese. In the past, they would start the day with a visit to a well-known teahouse. Chinese teahouses would be the equivalent of French cafes and English pubs. People come here not just for tea, but also to discuss local news or to have furious political debates.

4.The Zhuang people’s bronze drum custom and bronze drum dance, the Yao people’s monkey drum dance, celebration festival, and dragon division festival are closely related to the bronze drum culture. Hechi has implemented an overall plan for the protection of the experimental zone. The Hechi Bronze Drum Folk Song Art Festival has been held for 20 consecutive sessions.

5.Chunyun refers to the extremely high traffic load in China around the time of the Chinese New Year. It usually begins 15 days before the Lunar New Year’s Day and lasts for around 40 days. It is a long-held tradition for most Chinese people to reunite with their families during the Chinese New Year. People return home from work or study to have the reunion dinner with their families on New Year’s Eve. Chunyun has been called the largest annual human migration in the world. Rail transport tends to experience the biggest challenge during this period.